Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Mass is the measure of the amount of matter that a body possesses. The force required to accelerate a body increases with its mass (Newton's second law).Energy is the ability of a system to do work or transfer heat. Thus, a hot body has more energy than a cold one, and when in contact, heat flows from the cold body to the hot one. A gas inside a cylinder at high pressure pushes the piston outward, doing work.
In chemical processes, heat exchange is frequent. Many chemical reactions give off heat (any combustion), they are exothermic However, other processes absorb heat from the surroundings, they are endothermic. The vaporization process of liquid water is endothermic since it requires an input of heat.